These are the drive control signals for each type of disk drive: Signal Function Unidisk //c //gs Disk ][ GND ground 1-4 1-4 1-3 1,3,5,7 +5V +5 V 6,16 6 6 11,12 -12V -12 V 5 5 5 9 +12V +12 V 7,8 7,8 7,8 13,15,17,19 PH 0-3 stepper motor phases 11-14 11-14 11-14 2,4,6,8 /DRVEN drive enable 17 (9) 17 17 (9) 14 /WREQ write request 15 15 15 10 /WRPROT write protected 10 10 10 20 WRDATA write data 19 19 19 18 RDDATA read data 18 18 18 16 The UniDisk uses pin 9 to select the second drive. Inside each UniDisk, the signal from pin 9 at the computer is connected to pin 17 of the daisy- chain drive connector. When the computer selects drive 2 by activating pin 9, the first drive passes this through and the second drive sees its enable signal on pin 17. Thus all drives are identical. The Disk ][ controller has two drive connectors, and the same pin (14) is used on each connector to select the appropriate drive. This signal is the only difference between the connectors - all other signals are connected in parallel. Controllers with IWM chips can use the step motor phase outputs PH0..3 for special purposes, this is done when controlling Twiggies or 3.5" drives. The Disk II controller is a subset of the IWM functions, that means every IWM chip can emulate a Disk II controller card. Drive connector numbering: D19: 1 2 ... 9 10 11 12 ... 19 20 pin header (Disk II) 2 4 ... 20 1 3 ... 19 Patrick